INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
Salesforce.com Ups the Ante in IT

Reimagining IT

With that lineup the morning session was more like a very good seminar at a top business school than a typical set of vendor keynotes. Without a lot of prompting, this constellation of whiz kids delivered a consistent and powerful message about the future of the Internet that amplified even what The Economist had in mind. And they seemed to be saying that the future has a lot to do with the things Salesforce.com was introducing.

There were lots of announcements, such as the Winter'05 release, but with everything else introduced that news looked like mere table stakes. Essentially, Salesforce.com, the company that challenged the established order within the CRM market has now set its sights on challenging the established order everywhere else in IT.

For my money, the most important announcements were the repositioning of Sforce and the introduction of CustomForce.com. The company has positioned Sforce as the platform for everything it builds. Sforce is the "service" part of Salesforce.com's client-service architecture, representing the server stack of operating system, database, and tools. Sforce is the platform on which the CRM application is built, and if the company has its way other applications from third parties will follow suit. Some already have.

On top of that platform, Salesforce.com has added a new service that it calls CustomForce.com, which is designed to enable developers to add onto the basic functionality of the core CRM product or to develop completely new applications. The target markets for these tools include in-house developers who have historically relied on databases like Microsoft Access and developer tools and ISVs who want to focus on developing applications that will run in a hosted environment, either standalone or in concert with CRM.

The implications of all this are significant. For several years the buzz in the industry has been about simplifying IT, and application hosting -- or the utility model, as it has been called -- has been exhibit one. Salesforce.com's announcements take this a step further. If application functionality can be delivered as a service, then why not services that enable developers to build systems in the first place? Why have big IT departments that use resources to do things that are tangential to the business?

Achieving Simplicity

As The Economist and last week's keynote speakers made clear, simplicity is best achieved by hiding the hard parts from the user and making the operation or use of a technology as simple as possible. At the end of the day, this is the road all technologies have traveled. We take it for granted today, but the user interface for electricity wasn't always the socket and telephones didn't always have dial tone. Mini-computers had address/data switches. We happen to be living through an era when changes are occurring to information technology that will have similarly profound outcomes as the information utility grid takes shape. But the changes will not stop at technology per se or at the user interface; they will reshape the industry, affecting everything from how we build things to who pays and how investors make money.

The Economist story quoted Nick Carr's Does IT Matter? to summarize the transitory nature of technology evolution, "[I]n the early 20th century, most companies had a senior management position called 'vice-president of electricity.'" That age passed, and if last week was any indication the IT world we know is passing as well.

In an interesting contrast, one of the other books bandied about last week was Clayton Christensen's The Innovator's Dilemma, which asks why successful companies don't try to adapt sooner when their environments change. It has sometimes been hard to see the changes coming in the technology markets, but this is not one of those times. The question that comes to mind now is, "Why are there so many enterprise software companies acting as spectators?"